The European Union's Cyber Resilience Act (CRA), formally adopted as Regulation (EU) 2024/2847, represents a paradigm shift in the regulation of digital products. It establishes a horizontal legal framework that imposes, for the first time, mandatory cybersecurity requirements on a vast array of hardware and software products made available on the EU market. This comprehensive guide provides an in-depth analysis of the CRA's scope, risk-based framework, and technical requirements, with specific focus on Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) and Vulnerability Exploitability eXchange (VEX) requirements. It is designed to equip manufacturers, importers, distributors, and other economic operators with the necessary understanding to navigate this new regulatory landscape, ensure compliance, and leverage the CRA's requirements as a strategic advantage. The regulation has sparked significant discussion across the open-source community, with organizations like Debian and various open-source bodies raising important considerations about its implementation and impact on software development practices.
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